NVRAM IC Distributor

NVRAM IC Distributor in China

  • Can read and write similar to a standard SRAM.
  • Can be used as a drop-in replacement for a standard NVRAM in a system.
  • Automatically saves a copy of the SRAM data into nonvolatile memory.
  • Store data by trapping charge in a sandwiched nitride layer.
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Reliable NVRAM IC Supplier - Rantle East Electronic

RANTLE NVRAM IC can reads and writes similar to a standard SRAM. It provides data retention for almost 15 years, while eliminating the reliability concerns, functional disadvantages and system design complexities of battery-backed SRAM. It can be used as a drop-in replacement for a standard NVRAM in a system.

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RANTLE NVRAM features high-endurance 100 trillion read/writes, advances high-reliability ferroelectric process, SRAM compatible, no battery concerns, monolithic reliability, superior for moisture, shock and vibration and low power consumption.

On a power failure, RANTLE NVRAM automatically saves a copy of the SRAM data into nonvolatile memory, where the data is protected for over 20 years.

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The transfer between SRAM and NVRAM is completely parallel, allowing the operation to complete in 8ms or less, without any user intervention. NVRAM provides user control software STORE and RECALL initiation commands as well as user-controlled hardware STORE command in most versions.

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RANTLE NVRAM nonvolatile cells are based on SONOS technology. RANTLE NVRAM take advantage of Fowler-Nordheim Tunneling (FN Tunneling) to store data by trapping charge in a sandwiched nitride layer. This allows the NV cell to be located immediately adjacent to the 6T SRAM cell in each memory bit. RANTLE NVRAM features 64Kb to 16Mb devices, asynchronous parallel and ONFI 1.0 interface options, serial interface options, as low as 20 ns access times, infinite endurance, no batteries required to store data on power loss, RoHS compliant, optional Real Time Clock (RTC).

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RANTLE deal in all kinds of IC brands world-wide. We have founded a long-term business relationship with more than one hundred global famous electronic companies for almost 15 years. RANTLE offers high-quality parts, reasonable price, fast delivery, quality service, quality warranted product and excellent after-sale service. For inquiries, please contact our sales team now! We warmly welcome people from all over the world to contact and cooperate with us.

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NVRAM IC: The Ultimate FAQ Guide

If you have any questions about NVRAM IC, your answer is in this guide.

You’re going to learn everything such as function, classification, application, working principle, reading and erasing NVRAM, among others.

Let’s get started:

What is the NVRAM IC?

NVRAM is a contraction for Non-Volatile Random Access Memory.

An NVRAM IC is a RAM chip with the ability to retain its stored data even in the absence of power. The NVRAM IC is also still capable of accessing data randomly.

This contrasts with standard RAM chips such as the dynamic and static RAM chips that hold volatile memory.

Volatile memory is a memory type that loses its stored data in the event of a power cut.

NAVRAM

NAVRAM

What is the Function of NVRAM IC?

You will find the NVRAM IC useful in computers as it provides CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) storage.

CMOS provides the storage location for the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) settings including the date and time.

What is Non-volatile Memory?

Computer memory takes two distinct forms: volatile memory and non-volatile memory.

Non-volatile memory refers to the memory type that can hold onto its stored data when power is cut.

This means that with non-volatile memory, you recover the data stored in it in the face of power interruption.

Volatile memory is the exact opposite of non-volatile memory.

In this case, an interruption of the power supply leads to a loss of the data within the memory chip.

What is the difference between RAM and NVRAM IC?

Random Access Memory refers to the ability of a memory chip to access its data randomly allowing faster read performance.

Also, with RAM chips, you can read and write data on them.

The read and write process for a RAM chip is ostensibly the same regardless of the data location.

RAM chips, however, store volatile memory.

This memory type is unable to retain or hold its data whenever the power supply is interrupted. And, this is where the NVRAM IC comes in.

So, the NVRAM IC improves on the volatility aspect by being able to retain its data on cutting power.

The non-volatile memory chip can do this through the use of another power source such as a chargeable battery.

Some NVRAM IC also employs other forms of data storage that ensure the data is retained when system power is cut.

For example, by using electrons, a Flash NVRAM IC can store data in the form of a trapped charge.

Where is the NVRAM IC used?

You find the following applications of the NVRAM IC within a computer system.

A non-volatile RAM integrated circuit is used in a capacitor to store information in voltage form. It is also used to keep track of a computer system’s parameters including details related to manufacturing.

What are the Components of NVRAM IC?

NVRAM Module

NVRAM Module

There are many types of NVRAM ICs that you will stumble upon with different architectures and designs. As such, these NVRAM IC types are composed differently.

The Non-Volatile SRAM type of NVRAM IC is made up of six metal-oxide silicon transistors and a chargeable battery.

So, the battery continues to supply power even when the system power is off.

This ensures that data stored by the SRAM chip is not lost.

The transistors are separated in a configuration of four and two transistors.

Again, the four transistors form two pairs of cross-coupled inverters and store a single bit of data.

At the same time, the other two transistors control storage cell access during operation protocols for write and read.

The EEPROM based NVRAM IC consists of an array of metal-oxide-semiconductor floating gate resistors.

Transistors are paired for every memory cell with one as the storage transistor and the other the access transistor.

Here, the access transistor carries out the memory cell’s operation while the storage transistor stores the data.

The storage transistor has a floating gate and a control gate separated by an insulating layer of oxide.

Data is stored in the form of a charge that is trapped at the floating gate.

The insulating layer ensures the charge does not escape. This way, data in charge form is held even when the system power is cut off.

Considering the FRAM type of NVRAM IC, you find the following components.

A ferroelectric RAM IC’s memory cell is composed of a metal oxide semiconductor transistor and a ferroelectric capacitor film.

You find other FRAM ICs have two such capacitors and two such transistors.

The ferroelectric film is made of Lead Zirconate Titanate which is the most common ferroelectric substance.

When an electric field is applied to this film and then removed, it remains polarized.

It is this state of polarization that grants the FRAM IC its non-volatile property.

The Magneto-resistive RAM IC as a Non-Volatile memory chip is composed of two metallic ferromagnetic plates and an insulating layer.

The layer of insulating material is very thin and it separates the ferromagnetic metal plates.

One plate is a permanent magnet while the other is an electromagnet.

When current flows through the electromagnet it is magnetized.

This creates two magnetic fields that are used to store data in the binary form of “1” or “0”.

Moreover, this magnetic field ensures that even in the absence of power, the data is not lost.

What are the Types of NVRAM IC?

You will find that the Non-Volatile RAM IC has undergone a rapid metamorphosis since its introduction.

This has resulted in a diverse portfolio memory chip types that could be referred to as NVRAM IC.

The NVRAM IC was developed to remedy the volatile nature of standard RAM chips.

Both the dynamic and static RAM are unable to hold onto their data when power is cut.

A mechanism to sustain the power supply in case it was interrupted was thus needed.

· Battery-backed SRAM IC

This Static RAM IC is rigged with a rechargeable battery.

It was the earliest form of non-volatile RAM.

This non-volatile RAM type consists of six metal-oxide silicon transistors and a chargeable battery.

Normally, this battery serves to provide a continuous power supply.

The transistors are separated in a configuration of four and two transistors.

Again, the four transistors form two pairs of cross-coupled inverters and store a single bit of data. Also, the other two transistors control storage cell access during operation protocols for write and read.

When a cell is selected, the value to be written is stored in the four cross-coupled inverters.

Each cell can be addressed individually since they are organized in a matrix. Selection and reading out of an entire row is possible.

The Word Line allows access to the SRAM IC memory cell, thereby controlling the two transistors that direct access.

So, the access control transistors determine the connection of the bit lines to the cell. These bit lines are used for data transfer during read/write operations.

SRAM IC

SRAM IC

Despite the ability to work effectively over some time, this type of NVRAM IC has one major drawback.

While the battery ensures a consistent power supply, it gets discharged in due course. This necessitates a replacement of the battery.

You realize the power supply is interrupted when the battery discharges and needs to be replaced.

This ultimately results in a loss of the stored data.

Additionally, since the batteries are not integrated into the SRAM IC they consume quite some space.

This reduces the amount of useful space on the circuit board that could be utilized for other purposes.

· EEPROM based NVRAM IC

This type of NVRAM IC utilizes an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory to store its data.

Unlike the SRAM IC that needs a battery, the EEPROM does not require one.

It stores its data in the form of charge which could be held even in the absence of system power.

EEPROM

EEPROM

The EEPROM contains an array of metal-oxide-semiconductor floating gate transistors whose individualities are altered by electrons.

Besides, the transistors are paired for every memory cell with one as the storage transistor and the other as the access transistor.

Here, the access transistor carries out the memory cell’s operation. At the same time, the storage transistor stores the data in charge form.

The storage transistor has a floating gate and a control gate separated by a channel alongside an insulating oxide layer.

Typically, electrons are trapped at the floating gate.

A voltage is used to push the electrons into the channel through a process called Fowler Nordheim tunneling.

This is usually in a write process.

Otherwise, the electrons are removed by placing a reverse voltage to the substrate.

When electrons are at the floating gate, they are trapped by the insulating oxide layer.

This way they cannot make their way into the channel.

A cell is written when the electrons are forced into the channel.  When electrons are trapped at the floating gate, a cell is erased.

The EEPROM based NVRAM IC has the benefit of not needing a battery for continuous power supply, unlike the NVSRAM IC.

By storing data in the form of charge, it can retain the data even when power is cut.

A low down of this NVRAM type, however, is concerning its write endurance.

Unlike the NVSRAM IC that has virtually unlimited endurance, the EEPROM NVRAM IC’s write endurance is finite.

The chip wear is gradual as you approach the life cycle limit.

· FRAM

This non-volatile RAM chip employs a ferroelectric film rather than the dielectric film used by the standard RAM chips.

A standard FRAM cell consists of a metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor besides.

FRAM IC

FRAM IC

The FRAM IC’s ferroelectric film contains a spontaneous polarizable crystal that takes two reversible states on the application of an electric field.

This film remains polarized when the electric field is withdrawn. So, the FRAM IC can achieve its non-volatility.

An application of an electric field causes the central atom to move in the direction of the electric field.

As it moves, it breaks through an energy barrier resulting in a charge breakdown. The internal circuits respond to the breakdown by setting the memory.

The FRAM IC as an NVRAM chip has the benefit of providing faster write performance than the standard RAM chips.

It can perform infinite write/erase cycles while consuming less power. Besides, a FRAM IC has high endurance levels withstanding elevated temperatures and radiation.

However, the FRAM IC has some limitations. You find the FRAM IC has lower densities compared to other non-volatile RAM chips.

Additionally, they are costlier to obtain.

· MRAM

The Magneto-Resistive Random Access Memory IC uses magnetic field states to store data in bits rather than electrical charge.

Magneto-resistance is the propensity of a ferromagnetic material to alter its electrical resistance value when exposed to an external magnetic field.

MRAM

MRAM

An MRAM IC is composed of two metallic ferromagnetic plates and an insulating layer.

One plate is a permanent magnet while the other is an electromagnet.

The layer of insulating material is very thin and it separates the ferromagnetic metal plates.

When current flows through the electromagnet it is magnetized.

This creates two magnetic fields in a form referred to as a magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ).

It is in this conformation that data is stored in the binary form of “1” or “0”.

Electrons are forced into the magnetic field make-up by tunneling through the ultra-thin insulating layer.

The electromagnet is used to provide different magnetic fields that determine the binary bit to be stored.

An MRAM IC has an array of such magnetic field structures much like the configuration of the transistors in standard RAM chips.

This magnetic field ensures that even in the absence of power, the data is not lost.

Presently, MRAM ICs utilize the Spin Transfer Torque (STT) to orientate the Magnetic Tunneling Junction.

Torque is a twisting force.

This means, rather than monitor the charge, the twisting motion of the spinning electrons during transfer is controlled.

The STT approach has the benefit of consuming lower power.

Generally, an MRAM IC has a higher storage density than the FRAM IC alongside faster speeds.

Additionally, it has unlimited write endurance.

One drawback of the MRAM IC is that it is susceptible to external magnetic fields.

Being magneto-resistive, an MRAM IC will exhibit a change in its electrical resistance when exposed to an external magnetic field.

What are some Specifications for NVRAM IC?

You will find the following as some specifications concerning an NVRAM IC.

  • The package type of the NVRAM IC chip.
  • The pin count on the chip package.
  • The supply voltage required for the chip given in volts (V).
  • The operating temperature will be provided as a range.

What is the Difference between NVRAM IC and FRAM IC?

An NVRAM IC is a non-volatile RAM chip.

Non-volatile memory is a memory type that is accessible regardless of the presence or absence of power.

A FRAM IC meets this merit and is correctly regarded as an NVRAM IC.

What Packages can be used for NVRAM IC?

You will find FRAM ICs in several packages and variants.

Also, the NVRAM ICs can be packaged in similar package types with different pin counts.

Common package types available for the NVRAM IC include:

· Ball Grid Array

This is a surface-mount package that utilizes solder balls for electrical connection rather than pins.

Also, this enables it to provide more points of connection.

· Dual Flat No Leads (DFN)

The surface mount package is typically oblong or square and has no leads as the name suggests.

· Dual Inline Pin Package (DIP)

This is a through-hole package with a rectangular casing that has connecting pins for electrical connection along the long sides.

· Fine-pitch Ball Grid Array (FBGA)

It is a ball grid array package that utilizes smaller solder balls for electrical connections configured at the package bottom.

· Thin Small Outline Package (TSOP)

It is another surface mount package characterized by its tight lead spacing and low profile. Their use is founded on their high pin count and reduced volume.

· Small Outline Integrated Circuit package (SOIC)

This package is surface mount and occupies lesser space than a similar DIP package.

· Thin Dual Flat No-lead (TDFN) Package

Here, the surface mount package of plastic replaces leads with metal pads. Normally, the metal pads play a fundamental role in electrical connection.

It is usually very thin and small with a square or oblong shape.

What are the Advantages of NVRAM IC?

  • Applications requiring fast read and write functions and utilizing non-volatile memory are well supported by the NVRAM IC.
  • An NVRAM IC’s performance is above and beyond other non-volatile memory chips.
  • An NVRAM IC lacks moving parts thereby offering faster working speeds.
  • The lack of moving parts results in an NVRAM ICs having low power needs.

What are the Limitations of NVRAM IC?

  • Rewriting information on NVRAM ICs leads to their deterioration and eventual failure.
  • NVRAM ICs write in large blocks which is problematic for many computers to address.
  • The types of NVRAM IC that require a battery package to sustain power will require replacement at some point.
  • An NVRAM IC is limited in terms of performance since it lacks the random addressability of traditional RAMs.

How does NVRAM IC work?

You find that the working of an NVRAM IC is dependent on the type. The NVRAM ICs differ on the memory cell components and general functionality.

You find the NVSRAM IC and the FRAM IC utilize a transistor and capacitor configuration in their cells.

However, the FRAM IC differs by its use of a ferroelectric film capacitor rather than a dielectric one.

Alternately, the MRAM IC as a non-volatile RAM chip uses states of a magnetic field to store bits of data rather than electrical charge.

What Interfaces are available for NVRAM ICs?

You find the following interfaces applicable to NVRAM ICs.

  • Serial Digital Interface (SDI)
  • Serial Quad Interface (SQI)
  • Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
  • I2C Interface

Does an NVRAM IC need Battery?

You realize there are many types of NVRAM ICs. Not all NVRAM ICs need a battery to supply consistent power.

The NVRAM IC utilizing an SRAM chip to hold data requires a battery to ensure power is continuously provided to the chip.

This battery is replaced when it eventually gets discharged.

What are some of the Standards for NVRAM IC?

You will find some of the standards for non-volatile Ram chips as follows:

DESC-DWG 5962-08241: This standard identifies NVRAM ICs with 512K x 8 configuration, with monolithic silicon.

DESC-DWG 5962-08240: This standard encapsulates Non-Volatile RAM chips with a 256K x 8 configuration, with monolithic silicon.

SMD 5962-14230: This standard is for radiation-hardened NVRAM ICs with a multi-chip module. They also are CMOS with 64 Mb.

DESC-DWG-5962-13212: Nonvolatile Random Access Memory chips with CMOS and 16Mb are assigned this standard.

What does an NVRAM IC Reset do?

NVRAM Modules

NVRAM Modules

Resetting an NVRAM IC reinstates back to original your device’s settings.

Such settings include those related to volume, startup disk selection, date/ time, and appearance (resolution and brightness).

Does Resetting NVRAM IC Erase Memory?

When you reset an NVRAM IC no data is lost.

This is because an NVRAM IC only stores data related to peripheral settings such as time and startup disk selection.

Besides, after carrying out a reset of the NVRAM IC, you can always return to the system settings to modify them.

What is NVRAM IC Error?

An NVRAM IC error refers to a malfunction of the chip.

An NVRAM IC error hampers the chip’s performance stability.

You find the following issues could result in an NVRAM IC error.

The chargeable battery providing back-up power could fail to result in an NVRAM IC error.

This will result in the stoppage of the system clock. This stoppage is a potential cause of system instability.

An NVRAM IC error is also brought about by a malfunctioning BIOS chip.

This is because the NVRAM IC stores the settings for the BIOS chip.

A BIOS chip could malfunction because of its deterioration or a poor connection to the main circuit board.

What are some of the Features of NVRAM IC?

There are certain features for the NVRAM IC you can use for identification purposes.

These include:

  • Standby and operating current required
  • Chip cycle time
  • Chip’s memory density
  • Number of words offered
  • Number of bits provided for each word
  • Data retention capacity
  • Description of the chip’s logic family

How do you Test the Quality of NVRAM IC?

You can test for an NVRAM IC’s quality by examining its operational aspects by carrying out the following tests.

  • A preconditioning test to establish its functionality under different temperature conditions for specified periods.
  • A data retention test to find out under what limit extreme conditions can an NVRAM IC retains its data.
  • A test is carried out to determine how long an NVRAM IC can operate at high-temperature before failing.
  • A test to ascertain an NVRAM IC’s working temperature range.

We hope this guide answers all your questions about NVRAM IC.

In case you have any additional questions about NVRAM IC, simply contact Rantle technicians.

Rantle is here to help you get high quality and reliable NVRAM ICs.

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